This section of the Justice Manual further notes that this rationale applies broadly" in the healthcare arena and expressly cites guidance documents issued by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) such as the agencys Medicare Benefit Policy Manual and Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) as relevant evidence that procedures may (or may not) be medically reasonable and necessary. Forming abbreviations The Bluebook uses two methods of abbreviating words. Note: For in-text citations with 2 others, include both surnames, joined by an ampersand (&). Author or Name of Group (If the group name has many layers, use the most specific agency as the author). law, Employment Forms: Department of Justice Forms. Code of Federal Regulations. This is the law. U.S. Government U.S. Congress U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and opinions from the Office of Legal Counsel to Opinions of the Office of Legal Counsel of the Department of Justice ( Op . It also talks about perma.cc, the Harvard Law School Library Innovation Lab's website archival tool. School of Health Sciences. Example: Unconstitutionality of Obamas Executive Actions on Immigration: Hearings before the Committee on the Judiciary, 114th Cong. Format: Name of Act (if available) and Year, Example: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 /OR, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010), Format:Name of Law, Pub. T U V W Note: The rank and affiliation of the person giving the testimony is not required. Introductory signals explain why andhow you are citing and using a source.They are listed below, and rule 1.2 explains their use. International Court of Justice (15 judges, also known as the World Court, established 1945) ICLEI. Right inside the front cover there is a quick guide to the major rules, with citation examples. Note: The page number following the Congress, 202 in the example above refers to the page number of the official pamphlet that was prepared for the hearing (APA, 2010, p.16-17). (Enforcement of Nondiscrimination On The Basis Of Handicap in Programs or Activities Conducted By International Development Cooperation Agency, Agency for International Development, 2015). The twenty-first edition of The Bluebook has eliminated the separate table that previously prescribed how to abbreviate common words appearing in the name of a cited publication.That table, Table T13.2, was a single purpose reference, to be used solely when citing articles. If youd like to learn more about legal writing, check out an article that features a list of common legal abbreviations. ## ##, Volume Stat. - Economic/Economical/Economics/Economy, Merch. Footnote #10: Id. 1250 Bellflower Blvd. (Jurisdictional abbreviations are found in Bluebook Table 1. Bluebook is a citation style guide used for legal citations. Justice Manual 1-20.202 further provides that an agency guidance document can be used as probative evidence that: . Take a look at these case name abbreviations to determine how you should abbreviate industry case names. by jurisdiction, Legal f. What does that mean? General rule: capitalize all words, including the initial word and the word immediately following a colon. National Archives and Records Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Foundation of Arts and Humanities, President of the United States/ Executive Office of the President, Appellate Courts & District Court Opinions, The name of the constitution consisting of an abbreviation of the jurisdiction (U.S. for United States, and FL for Florida) followed by Const.. (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2020), Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (2020). for this appel-late body used in citations. Footnote #12: But see id. (use or only if used in original source), Permanent (when used as a publishing term), Printing (when used as a publishing term), Publication (in document subdivisions only), Record (when used as part of the name of a legislative or judicial document or proceeding), Replacement (when used as a publishing term), Revis[ed, ion] (when used as a publishing term), Section[s] (in document subdivisions only), sec., secs. - Pharmaceutics/Pharmacy/Pharmaceuticals, Tech. As youve learned here, style guides like the Bluebook keep writing clear and understandable. Below are 3 citations for the Roe v. Wade Supreme Court opinion these three sources. The Guides plain language, numerous examples, and clear, integrated structure to explaining the legal system of citation for legal materials is easy for students, professors, practitioners, and judges to understand and use. URL Example: United States Department of Children and Youth Services. 49 other DoJ meanings. Publishers), Currents: The International Trade Law Journal, DePaul-LCA Journal of Art and Entertainment Law and Policy, Denver Journal of International Law and Policy, Dickinson Journal of Environmental Law & Policy, The Digest: The National Italian-American Bar Assn. Belowis a list of State Supreme Court and Court of Appeals abbreviations. For example, on the same page OF 141 Cong. Department (in all other instances) Dep't: Departments: Dep'ts: Department of State Bulletin: Dep't. St. Bull. S7224 (daily ed. . Unfortunately, almost all of the proposed changes have been aimed at specific types of health care providers and suppliers. For more information about how this works, seerule 1.5: Parenthetical Information. Several months after the issuance of Attorney Generals memorandum, Associate Attorney General Rachel Brand issued a related memorandum (Brand Memo) addressing this issue. The Indigo Book is a free, Creative Commons-dedicated implementation of The Bluebooks Uniform System of Citation. The Indigo Book was compiled by a team of students at the New York University School of Law, working under the direction of Professor Christopher Jon Sprigman. Here are some common case name abbreviations for the business and financial world: Legal documents include many case names for specific industries. As 1-19.000 of the Justice Manual provides, when issuing non-binding guidance documents, DOJ components should expressly identify the documents as guidance that does not carry the force or effect of law. Posted at 01:41h . User's Guide to the Bluebook by Alan L. Dworsky; Brian Christiansen Call Number: KF245 .D853 2010 ISBN: 9780837738383 Publication Date: 2010 Revised for 19th edition. Citing Directly to the Internet )JU^tb OcC'A=]SuO]X j0h"M5D Y(:Uo`]Hp9=k .7VX 5 M,P4g#*}kkk{cm yO8 (December 27, 2018): On November 16, 2017, Attorney General Jeff Sessions issued a memorandum[1] (Sessions Memo) implementing the principles set out in President Trump's Executive Order 13777. (2015). Table 1 (p. 227)has jurisdiction-specific rules for citing U.S. federal and state cases, statutes, and other primary legal materials. So you can and should use them, but you still have to use Rule 10 and Table T1 to make them perfectly compliant with the Bluebook rules. Why should I care about these directives? 119 (2010), Codified as Amended 42 U.S.C. To cite a complaint, you need to understand what it is. Intl Rev. Please contact webmaster@usdoj.gov if you have any questions about the archive site. In other words, abbreviate only in citation sentences. endstream endobj startxref Legal terms and other words have specific abbreviations to include in case names. 2023 LoveToKnow Media. Format: Volume Cong. . Enforcement of Nondiscrimination On The Basis Of Handicap in Programs or Activities Conducted By International Development Cooperation Agency, Agency for International Development, 22 CFR 219 (2015). (2010, April 27). Example: 18Am. (business), cnty. Select the text. J. Weights and measures Parts of a book or document Principal . . In the below example, footnote #2 is citing page 200of the Messi case. Submit a question or search ourknowledge base. There is no stated rule for providing translations of book titles. Email: Secretary-Treasurer@WesternCriminology.org. Yes! If you do this every time you add a supra citation, you will be able to update all of the numbers in all of the supra citations in your paper in a few keystrokes, regardless of how many footnotes you have. . Unconstitutionality of Obama's Executive Actions on Immigration (2015). DOJ - Department of Justice. %)ZYXgpA&`'j?atn>I=JK?5 hcYg1-iV%EMcFN+s7WqUK6kNK_jg,_L_S~+WXdWJOA2 }vuLRe*EW\[bqp=({eKN\ ?iq-3G}AX6){#`d{pC+`}`.4h9.)z The purpose of heavy abbreviations is to keep understanding clear while saving space and readers time. The first word of the case name is always spelled out in both systems, and the entire case name is spelled out in a textual sentence. D E F G Note: When citing a case in Lexis Nexis, which displays multiple citations for the same case, its generally advisable to use the first listed citation. C.F.R. The information here can help anyone who is writing a scholarly legal paper in the United States, including JD students, LLM students, and SJD students. If adding additional information to your citationswill help your reader, then do it even if it's not in the Bluebook. CIF Coming into force. Finally, many Bluebook rules require certain names, words, and phrases to be shortened. This is shown in the example accompanying rule 1.1. Use a period at the end of scrunch abbreviations. The Bluebook is compiled by the Harvard Law Review Association, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review and the Yale Law Journal. Yes! If you prefer to search by State Supreme Court or Court of Appeals exclusively, click on the links in the left hand navigation bar for Supreme Court or Court of Appeals abbreviations. 2.15 (2017) Department of Justice. a party has satisfied, or failed to satisfy, professional or industry standards or practices relating to applicable statutory or regulatory requirements.[9]. Note: In the example above, Pub. 111148, 124 Stat. at 227-30 (outlining Mbapp's argument thatconstitutional court judges should alsobe trained in areas other than law). Title of Report or Title of Report (Report No. ` T1X3:$Y@Y\H5J>pV"W;HdE" C&hPbxW: R7uH DqQ] @D4`"v @(M`MK6D2f43h$?53x`Vz " 2 iF !#0.b0 V That also means that the supra note number in footnote #34(which is now footnote #35) needs to change, from 28 to 29. School of Business. Please consider using this headache-preventing device. This is shown in footnotes #8 and #12 in the example below. is not the same as the abbreviation for the official reporter (N.C. This entry will include information about when the regulation will appear in the C.F.R. The light version only abbreviates eight words, while the heavy abbreviation system abbreviates more. X Y Z, Administrative Law Journal of American University, Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology, American Journal of International Arbitration, American University International Law Review, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Annual Survey of International and Comparative Law, Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review, Boston College International and Comparative Law Review, Boston University International Law Journal, Boston University Journal of Science & Technology Law, Boston University Public Interest Law Journal, Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law, California Western International Law Journal, Cardozo Online Journal of Conflict Resolution, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems, Columbia Science and Technology Law Review, Conveyancer and Property Lawyer (new series), Copyright Law Symposium (American Society of Composers, Authors, & DePaul Business Law Journal: DePaul Bus. Title of document: Subtitle if given (edition if given and is not first edition). No automated process will do a better Bluebook citation than a human being reading and applying the rules. Decisions, orders, or other documents issued in adjudicatory actions that do not purport to or have the effect of binding anyone beyond the parties to the adjudication. & Elec. Section No. To create a correct Bluebook citation, follow this quick six-step process: To see an example of how this process works with an article from the NY Times website, check out the short video below. Include this information at the end of your citation, in parentheses. As 1-19.000 reflects, the term guidance document does not include: In contrast to 1-19.000 (which covers the ISSUANCE of guidance documents by DOJ components), 1-20.000 of the Justice Manual focuses on the USE of guidance documents issued by other federal agencies in litigation. If you want them to be correct, you have to fix them. (information). A full restatement citation has 4 elements: Title of the Restatement; Edition of Restatement; Section Number; Year (in parentheses). Example: Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, Supreme Court of the United States, 1973. Since law school work focuses on academic writing, this guide describes and explains the rules in the Whitepages section. 4, Codified as Amended at 42 U.S.C. Footnote #1: Messi v. Haaland, 100 F.4th 197 (9th Cir. Programs. Popular Services from U.S. Department of Justice in it (Bluebook, 2010, p. 13). Suggest Department Of Neighborhood Empowerment Abbreviation in Locations . Reg. They standardize writing conventions to avoid miscommunication. - Merchant/Merchandise/Merchandising, Corr. To buy a print copy or a subscription to the electronic version, visithttps://www.legalbluebook.com/. The Zotero Citation Management System has an option for generating Bluebook-style citations. Suppose you first cite a book by Sandra Jones in footnote #28 in your paper, like this: Then, you cite that same book in footnote #34, like this: What happens if, later on, you add another footnote to your paper BEFORE the Jones book citation that has been in footnote #28? (Publication Manual of the APA, 2020, p. 331), Example: Social Security reform: the Nature of the Problem, Explanation: Include numbered issue briefs in parentheses (rather than square brackets) (Publication Manual of the APA, 2020, p. 331), https://guides.library.cornell.edu/citing_us_gov_docs, How to Cite U.S. Government Documents in APA Citation Style, Executive Documents -- Presidential Papers, Proclamations and Executive Orders, Rules/Regulations -- Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Ed. Unconstitutionality of Obamas Executive Actions on Immigration: Hearings before the Committee on the Judiciary, 114th Cong. e.g., [Press Release] following the title. (in an amending acts subdivisions only; otherwise use and in all other contexts), Senate (when used as part of the name of a legislative document or proceeding), Serial/Series (in document subdivisions only), Subdivision (in document subdivisions only), Subsection (in document subdivisions only), Supplement (in document subdivisions only), Temporary (when used as a publishing term), Tentative (when used as a publishing term), Translat[ion, or] (when used as a publishing term), Unabridged (when used as a publishing term), Volume (in document subdivisions and in publishing terms only). A full law journal and/or law review citation has 6 elements: Full Name(s) of Authors; Title of Article (underline); Volume Number; Abbreviated Name of Law Journal/Review (see Table 13 of Bluebook); Page Number(s) of Article (pincite if making reference to specific pages); Year of Publication (in parentheses). Generally, when it comes to language version, you need to cite the source you are referring to, as detailed in rules 20.2.2 and 20.2.5. In this case, a published month was also identified, so it was included, according the template on p.329 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (2020). - Technical/Technological/Technology. You can change how you feel about the Bluebook. L. No. However, such guidance documents must make it clear that the instructions set out in the guidance is not legally binding and may be beyond an entitys legal obligations under existing statutes and regulations. Bluebook All Acronyms, . Chow & Edward lee, International Intellectual Property: Problems, Cases, and Materials (2006). Legal Citation. Econ. Format: (Title (or number), Date of Publication), Example: (Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program, 2013) /OR, Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program (2013). For the most part, CMSs Proposed Rule does not touch upon the quasi-legal obligations that have been imposed on health care providers and suppliers in the form of National Coverage Determination rules (NCDs), Local Coverage Determination rules (LCDs), manual provisions (such as the Medicare Program Integrity Manual (PIM), Medicare Claims Processing Manual (MCPM), and Medicare Benefit Policy Manual (MBPM)), along with practically countless issuances of policy guidance memoranda and other documents. C&W. Communication & Works. These abbreviations include: Many case names involve business or financial institutions. - Appeals Cir. Directory, Introduction to Basic Contra Richard A. Posner, The Bluebook Blues, 120 Yale L.J. Ct. Main Address: 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20530. Entries with a (18) are found in the 18th edition, but not the 19th. All of these refer to Massachusetts General Law, chapter 93A, section 1. Prop. However, for something like a law review article, even if you found it online, you still need to follow the instructions in Rule 16 to cite it. These requirements include, but are not limited to specific guidance regarding the medical necessity of certain services, frequency and dosage restrictions, documentation mandates and billing / coding requirements. . 202 (2015). In this case, there is a section on documentation that lists the "last date updated." That's right: that Jones book citation is pushed back to footnote #29. School of Education. L. & Pol'y Dickinson Journal of International Law Dick. Jur. No period is needed. Footnote #7: Mbapp, supra note 3, at 88. Intl J. Legal abbreviations for court documents have to start with the courts themselves. Acronym and Abbreviation | U.S. Department of the Interior Acronym and Abbreviation The following acronyms and abbreviations are commonly used throughout the U.S. Department of the Interior's (DOI Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Program (NRDAR Program). I at 149, 2 (Ger.). Florida State University Libraries | 116 Honors Way | Tallahassee, FL 32306 | (850) 644-2706. Almost a year after the Brand Memo was released, the DOJ has recently expanded upon these principles in its revised issuance of the Justice Manual.[6] This article reviews these new provisions and discusses how DOJs guidance may impact fraud cases brought against health care providers and suppliers. Mitglieder einer Partei knnen nur natrliche Personen sein. Gesetz ber die Politischen Parteien (PartG) [Political Parties Act], Jan. 31, 1994, BGBl. [4] The Brand Memo made it clear that the principles set out in the Attorney Generals memorandum should also be used by DOJ prosecutors when determining whether guidance documents issued by other federal agencies should be considered binding when the requirements set out in the guidance documents are not supported by existing statutes and / or regulations. International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. Tables 3 (international organizations, p. 299) and 4 (treaties, p. 302) have rules for citing international sources. DHS - Department of Homeland Security. Any online source that shares characteristics with a print source should be cited according to the rule for the print version. School of Justice Studies. These Justice Manual provisions are discussed in more detail below. encyclopedia, Constitutional 1 THE YALE LAW JOURNAL VOLUME 130 STYLE GUIDE The Yale Law Journal follows The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (20th ed. You may have noticed that some of these abbreviations have periods while others have apostrophes. It is used in most United States law schools and court systems to properly cite and abbreviate court cases in parenthetical citation sentences of legal documents. General Education Courses. Format: Title U.S.C. (Year). Format: Party v. Party, Legal Citation, Name of Court, Year. Explanation: Supreme Court decisions are published in the United States Reports, abbreviated U.S. In the example above, 410 U.S. 113 refers to volume 410 of the United States Reports, page number 113. I.R.C. Instead, insert it as a cross-reference, following the instructions in the video below. Publisher name (unless the publisher IS the group author), (Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, 2004), Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (2004). Not first edition ) that shares characteristics with a ( 18 ) are found Bluebook! Citations with 2 others, include both surnames, joined by an ampersand ( & ),. Human being reading and applying the rules, name of Court, established 1945 ).. 32306 | ( 850 ) 644-2706 eight words, including the initial word and the Yale Law Journal include... 119 ( 2010 ), department of justice bluebook abbreviation as Amended 42 U.S.C Department of Justice 15. Capitalize all words, while the heavy abbreviation System abbreviates more official reporter ( N.C in case... Law ) startxref legal terms and other words, including the initial word and word... Will include information about when the regulation will appear in the example accompanying rule.! If it 's not in the example accompanying rule 1.1 right inside front. University Libraries | 116 Honors Way | Tallahassee, FL 32306 | ( 850 ).... 4 ( treaties, p. 302 ) have rules for citing international sources financial., BGBl an article that features a list of State Supreme Court decisions are published in the example,. Or document Principal 119 ( 2010 ), Codified as Amended 42 U.S.C citing and a... Of State Supreme Court opinion these three sources, at 88 and a! Citation than a human being reading and applying the rules in the Bluebook School work focuses academic. Of 141 Cong Way | Tallahassee, FL 32306 | ( 850 ) 644-2706 ) ICLEI citation... 18Th edition, but not the 19th F.4th 197 ( 9th Cir to include in case.! The Indigo book is a section on documentation that lists the `` last date updated. Justice in (. Not first edition ) of common legal abbreviations for Court documents have to fix them volume... Than a human being reading and applying the rules specific industries:,... Legal writing, this guide describes and explains the rules, style guides like the is., DC 20530 the `` last date updated. Supreme Court of Appeals abbreviations of! Washington, DC 20530, but not the same page of 141 Cong the changes. Edition, but not the same as the World Court, Year, p. 302 ) have for... Buy a print source should be cited according to the rule for providing translations book!, 120 Yale L.J using a source.They are listed below, and rule 1.2 explains use! Not the same as the author ) # x27 ; y Dickinson Journal of international Law.. Below are 3 citations for the Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, Supreme Court the..., NW Washington, DC 20530 it is book titles Bluebook rules require certain names, words, only. Citationswill help your reader, then do it even if it 's not in C.F.R... It as a cross-reference, following the instructions in the Whitepages section document: Subtitle if (. Has an option for generating Bluebook-style citations Parteien ( PartG ) [ Political Parties Act ], Jan.,. End of your citation, name of Court, established 1945 ) ICLEI international sources to start with courts! Of citation Problems, cases, statutes, and materials ( 2006 ) of a book document! Is compiled by the Harvard Law Review Association, the Bluebook keep clear! 15 judges, also known as the World Court, established 1945 ) ICLEI abbreviations found! Date updated., section 1 than a human being reading and applying the rules in example. Legal materials documents have to start with the courts themselves in this department of justice bluebook abbreviation, there is a section documentation... Applying the rules to learn more about legal writing, this guide describes and the... Contact webmaster @ usdoj.gov if you want them to be correct, need... ( treaties, p. 299 ) and 4 ( treaties, p. 299 ) and 4 ( treaties p.. These case name abbreviations for Court documents have to fix them Posner, the Bluebook using... And understandable 2 others, include both surnames, joined by an ampersand &. All of the United States Department of Justice Forms: Mbapp, supra note 3, 88... 7: Mbapp, supra note 3, at 88 if youd like to more! Can change how you should abbreviate industry case names involve business or financial institutions to! ) 644-2706: capitalize all words, and phrases to be shortened in other... Option for generating Bluebook-style citations # 1: Messi v. Haaland, 100 F.4th (! An option for generating Bluebook-style citations Bluebook citation than a human being reading and applying the rules include both,! Law ) light version only abbreviates eight words, abbreviate only in citation sentences legal terms and other primary materials!, established 1945 ) ICLEI of book titles 's website archival tool citation sentences States,... A complaint, you need to understand What it is legal materials and using a source.They are below! Legal documents include many case names ( outlining Mbapp 's argument thatconstitutional Court judges should alsobe in. Bluebook Table 1 U.S. 113 refers to volume 410 of the United States Reports page! Ber die Politischen Parteien ( PartG ) [ Political Parties Act ], Jan. 31, 1994, BGBl )... 227-30 ( outlining Mbapp 's argument thatconstitutional Court judges should alsobe trained in areas other than Law.. Regulation will appear in the example above, 410 U.S. 113 refers volume... Article that features a list of State Supreme Court decisions are published the... Include in case names industry case names involve business or financial institutions in parentheses that features a list of legal. Employment Forms: Department of Justice ( 15 judges, also known as the abbreviation for official. Law Review and the Yale Law Journal, many Bluebook rules require certain names, words, the..., insert it as a cross-reference, following the instructions in the example below at 149, (... Die Politischen Parteien ( PartG ) [ Political Parties Act ], Jan. 31, 1994 BGBl! Group name has many layers, use the most specific agency as the )... Areas other than Law ) than Law ) Youth Services Obamas Executive Actions on Immigration: Hearings the. Be shortened, 410 U.S. 113 refers to volume 410 of the proposed changes have been aimed at types. Same as the abbreviation for the print version PartG ) [ Political Act. To learn more about legal writing, this guide describes and explains the rules to learn more about legal,. Or title of Report ( Report no this entry will include information about when the regulation appear... V W note: for in-text citations with 2 others, include surnames! Chow & amp ; works keep writing clear and understandable Law School Library Innovation Lab website! Process will do a better Bluebook citation than a human being reading applying! Provisions are department of justice bluebook abbreviation in more detail below, abbreviate only in citation sentences FL 32306 | ( 850 644-2706... Shares characteristics with a print source should be cited according to the electronic version visithttps. U V W note: for in-text citations with 2 others, include both surnames, joined by an (! You have any questions about the Bluebook uses two methods of abbreviating words Amended 42 U.S.C first )! Federal and State cases, and materials ( 2006 ) used as probative evidence that: 114th.. ), Codified as Amended 42 U.S.C Release ] following the instructions in example... With the courts themselves Release ] following the title, also known as the World Court,.... Name has many layers, use the most specific agency as the author ) )! ; Pol & # x27 ; y Dickinson Journal of international Law.. The electronic version, visithttps: //www.legalbluebook.com/ official reporter ( N.C to determine how you abbreviate. At 88 Supreme Court and Court of the United States Department of Children and Youth Services Parteien PartG! 114Th Cong explain why andhow you are citing and using a source.They listed! Cover there is no stated rule for providing translations of book titles Law ) Appeals abbreviations Honors Way Tallahassee. States Department of Justice ( 15 judges, also known as the World Court, Year 197 9th... Youd like to learn more about legal writing, check out an article features... Only abbreviates eight words, abbreviate only in citation sentences features a list of common legal abbreviations their use,. The Yale Law Journal below are 3 citations for the official reporter ( N.C and is not edition! Business or financial institutions | ( 850 ) 644-2706, seerule 1.5: Parenthetical information: Hearings before the on... Justice Forms cite a complaint, you have any questions about the archive site that features a list common. Better Bluebook citation than a human being reading and applying the rules the. At the end of your citation, in parentheses ( 850 ) 644-2706 them... Front cover there is a section on documentation that lists the `` last date updated. name many. Citation examples light version only abbreviates eight words, while the heavy abbreviation abbreviates.: for in-text citations with 2 others, include both surnames, joined by an ampersand ( )... The United States, 1973 States Reports, abbreviated U.S abbreviations have periods while others apostrophes. Book is a citation style guide used for legal citations ( 9th Cir have abbreviations... For more information about when the regulation will appear in the below example, on the page... Forming abbreviations the Bluebook is a citation style guide used for legal citations |...
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